A primary treatment for obesity is physical exercise and dieting. If it fails, drugs of anti-obesity may also be taken to reduce inhibit fat absorption or appetite. Surgery is performed is severe cases or the intregastric balloon is also placed to reduce the stomach volume or bowel length, and is leading to earlier station and can reduce ability to absorb the nutrients from food.

Obesity is also stigmatized in modern Western World; it has been perceived as symbol of fertility and wealth at other times in the history and is still in many Africa .

BMI or body mass index is widely and simply used and a well known method for estimation fat mass of body. BMI was also developed in nineteenth century by Belgian statistician and Adolphe Quetelet. It is accurate reflection of the body fat percentage in majority of adult population.

However, it is less accurate in people such as pregnant women and body builders. Formula combination of BMI, gender and age can also used to estimate fat percentage to 4% of accuracy. That with BMI less than 35 abdominal fat of body is relating to the negative health that outcome independent of the total fat of body.