A scientific term for state of pregnancy is called gravid, and pregnant female is referred sometimes to gravida. Term parity is used for number of some previous successful live births. A woman has never been pregnant referred to "nulligravida", in subsequent pregnancies, as multiparous or multigravida. During second pregnancy of woman, she would be described as "gravida para". A woman has never carried pregnancy achieving over 20 weeks of the gestation age is referred to "nulliparious".

Medical term for woman is pregnant for first fist time is called primigravida.

Childbirth is culmination of human pregnancy or its gestation period with birth of one or mover infants from woman's uterus. Process of normal birth of human child is categorized in 3 stages, labour which is shortening and dilation of cervix, birth of infant and descent and the birth of placenta.

Childbirth is achieved through the caesarean sections, removal of neonate through surgical incision in abdomen, rather than the way trough vaginal birth. Erect posture causes weigh of abdominal content to the thrust on pelvic floor, complex structure that must not only support the weight but also allow three channels to pass through it; channels are rectum, vagina and urethra.